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Vegetation Feedbacks over the Global Monsoon Regions

Collaborators: Zhengyu Liu, Robert Gallimore, Sam Levis, Dave Gutzler, Karl-Heinz Wyrwoll, Di Ma, Guangshan Chen

Funding: NOAA CPPA, DOE NICCR

Publications:

Ma, D., Z. Liu, S. Lu, M. Notaro, X. Rong, G. Cheng, and F. Wang, 2013: Short-term climatic impacts of
afforestation in the East Asian monsoon region. Chinese Science Bulletin, 58, 2073-2081.

Wyrwoll, K.H., F. McRobie, M. Notaro, and G. Chen, 2013: Indigenous vegetation burning practices and their
impact on the climate of the northern Australian monsoon region. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 10,
10313-10332.

Notaro, M., and D. Gutzler, 2012: Simulated impact of vegetation on climate across the North American monsoon
region in CCSM3.5. Climate Dynamics, doi: 10.1007/s00382-010-0990-0.

Wyrwoll, K.-H., M. Notaro, and G. Chen, 2012: A burning question. Australasian Science, July/August 2012, 23-
25.

Ma, D., M. Notaro, Z. Liu, G. Chen, Y. Liu, and S. Lu, 2012: Simulated impacts of afforestation in East China
monsoon region as modulated by ocean variability. Climate Dynamics, doi:10.1007/s00382-012-1592-9.

Chen, G.-S., M. Notaro, Z. Liu, and Y. Liu, 2012: Simulated local and remote biophysical effects of afforestation
over Southeast United States in boreal summer. J. Climate, 25, 4511-4522.

Notaro, M., G. Chen, and Z. Liu, 2011: Vegetation feedbacks to climate in the global monsoon regions. Journal of
Climate, 24, 5740-5756.

Notaro, M., K-H. Wyrwoll, and G. Chen, 2011: Did aboriginal vegetation burning impact on the Australian summer
monsoon? Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L11704, doi:10.1029/2011GL047774.

Methods: Vegetation feedbacks on the North American monsoon are explored using NCAR CCSM3.5 fully coupled climate model and compared with those simulated over the other global monsoon regions. Through initial value ensemble experiments, the total vegetation cover is reduced in 60 ensemble members and the climatic response analyzed.

Key finding: A reduction in vegetation cover over the global monsoon regions results in an increase in surface air temperature and reduction in evaporation and precipitation. The feedback mechanisms are not the same for each monsoon region.

Response of surface temperature (°C) [annually, JFM, AMJ, JAS, and OND from top to bottom] due to a 0.2 reduction in vegetation cover fraction over the global monsoon regions, based on 60 ensemble members of CCSM3.5 fully coupled global climate model with dynamic vegetation. A reduction in vegetation results in warming.